What is cyber sleuthing? What does it have to do with a Kentucky accident victim?  Everybody has heard of Facebook, MySpace, and Twitter.  You are living under a rock if you haven’t.  What’s does social media have to do with your Kentucky car, motorcycle, bicycle or truck accident case?  If you have been injured in a Kentucky car wreck you need to be very careful with what you post on your Facebook or Twitter account, or any social media for that matter.

            Why? We have all heard the stories of professional athletes getting in hot water for their twitter posts.  We know employers check out your social media profiles before they hire you for a job.  Insurance adjusters do the same thing. If information is available on the internet that will help the insurance company defeat your Kentucky accident claim the insurance company will try to find it.  A cyber sleuth will look every where.  An insurance adjuster will search social media sites to see what information they can find to see pictures of you having a good time. Doing things you said you were unable to do because of your injuries in the auto accident. They will look for videos of you bowling, golfing or mowing the grass. They are looking at the dates of those pictures and videos. They are finding out who your friends are so they can interview them. Why are they taking the time to look at all of this?  To see if there’s something the insurance company can use to decrease the value of what they’re going to have to pay you for your accident claim.

            I have a friend, Chris Davis, who is a personal injury attorney in Seattle, Washington.  He had a client post a video of himself snowboarding.  That video on Facebook was seen by the insurance adjuster, down loaded and .  The insurance adjuster  lowered the offer $20,000.00 because he saw him making a jump on a snowboard. The post cost him thousands of dollars. Maybe it was harmless, but the perception was that he had fully recovered.

             Be smart. Use your common sense. If you’re going to post on Facebook, MySpace or Twitter, make sure your privacy settings are not public, that your private information is protected and access to your profile is limited. Don’t let anybody view your profile and your personal information unless they are your friend. 

              Make sure you know who ALL your friends are. If you don’t your friend could be the kid of the insurance adjuster on your case.  If you’re going to post Facebook be careful. Be smart about what you’re posting.  Don’t post anything that you would not like to see read in the paper the next day. By using common sense and remembering this you will help your personal injury attorney get you the best settlement value in your Kentucky accident case.

How much automobile insurance coverage should you have on your family’s car insurance in Kentucky?  What is enough to protect your family should you be involved in a serious Kentucky car accident? These are questions I am asked when people find out I am a personal injury attorney. I try to give the best advice I can.  Most people do not have enough car insurance. They assume that if a car hits them and causes an automobile accident that the at-fault car will pay for all of the damage. This may not be the case.  

This is a follow-up to my last blog where I outlined the available Kentucky insurance coverage.  Here are my recommendations for your family’s Kentucky car insurance. I strongly recommend that you purchase at a minimum the following for your policy of insurance: 

·         Bodily injury liability:  $300,000.00 per person, $500,000.00 per accident

·         Property damage liability:  $50,000.00 per accident

·         Collision:  $50,000.00 per accident

·         No-fault or PIP benefits:  I recommend add a reparation benefits of $30,000.00.  This is especially true if you do not have health insurance.

·         Uninsured motorist coverage:  $300,000.00/$500,000.00 per accident

·         Underinsured motorist $300,000.00/$500,000.00 per accident

            These are minimum recommendations. It is important to note that the increase in your premium for this increased coverage is very inexpensive as compared to cost of the basic policy.  Check the rates with your car insurance agent and see what happens. For a sample of the increase in your rates for increasing your policy limits see the appendix of my book What You Don’t Know about Buying Car Insurance Can Hurt You. 

Don’t let your insurance agent tell you that you don’t need to purchase the additional insurance coverage and limits as I’ve listed above.  Especially uninsured motorist and/or underinsured motorist coverage. These are must have coverages to protect your family in case of a car accident.  

There are many reasons they may not tell you about these coverages.  Some insurance agents are given bonuses if there are no third-party claims made or a minimum number of third-party claims made on policies they have sold.  Third-party claims are those that are made under uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage.  You are eating into their Christmas bonus if you make a claim under this. 

Let’s give you an example of what could happen.

Bob was in a Kentucky automobile accident. He walked away from the auto accident without a scratch, but his twelve-year-old son, Chris, was severely injured. A drunk driver ran a red light and crashed into their car. Bob’s car was totaled. His son, Chris, was taken by ambulance to the emergency room. He had a broken arm, a back strain and glass in his face. Chris had surgery and pins were inserted in his arm. Chris should be okay, but he will have to endure several months of physical therapy.

The drunk driver did not have Kentucky car insurance. Bob doesn’t have health insurance. He has questions. How will he pay the $22,000.00 of medical bills Chris will incur?  How does his car get repaired? Will he get paid for the time he misses from work to take his son to his doctors and physical therapy? Can he sue the drunk driver?

Bob thinks he has full coverage on his car. I take a look at his policy. Bob has the Kentucky minimum insurance. He has $25,000.00 per person in liability coverage and $10,000.00 in PIP coverage. He does not have collision coverage on his car and he has waived his Uninsured Motorist and Underinsured Motorist Coverage (Bob had no idea what he was doing when he signed the insurance agreement doing this but it saved him $20.00 on his premium). The few dollars Bob saved on his premium is now going to cost him thousands and thousands of dollars. Unfortunately for Bob, there is no way around this horrible outcome.

What does this mean? Since the drunk driver had no insurance and no assets our next step is to look to Bob’s insurance company to pay his son’s medical bills and to compensate Chris for the pain and suffering he has gone through from the ride in the ambulance while strapped to a back board unable to move to the tears in his eyes while he goes through physical therapy, and for the pain he will endure for the rest of his life. 

Unfortunately, Bob only had minimum coverage, which is what the Commonwealth of Kentucky says is the lowest amount of insurance you can have on your car and legally drive. The Lowest limits are 25,000/50,000/10,000. The $25,000.00 is per person or the most available to a single person. The $50,000.00 is for the entire accident no matter how many people are injured. Finally the $10,000.00 is for the property damage.

Even worse, the Uninsured/Underinsured Motorist Coverage Bob waived to save a few dollars on his insurance premium would have protected him and his son in the event that the at-fault person in this Kentucky car accident (in Bob’s case the drunk driver) did not have insurance.  Since this protection was waived there is absolutely no insurance money to compensate Chris for his pain and suffering. The only recourse for Bob against the drunk driver that hit his son is to sue him in Civil Court. Unfortunately, it will be next to impossible to collect any money from the drunk driver since it is likely that he has no assets and will be a candidate for bankruptcy.

To make matters worse, Bob didn’t have Collision Coverage so he had to pay to replace his car out of his own pocket. This is not a situation you want to be in. It gets worse.

What about Chris’s medical bills? Well Bob did have PIP coverage. This will pay the first $10,000.00 in medical bills for Chris. Bob will have to pay the additional $12,000.00 of his son’s medical bills (Bob didn’t have health insurance). So, not only did Chris get nothing for his pain and suffering, Bob has to pay $12,000.00 and buy a new car.

Since the drunk driver had no assets that could be attached, Bob’s son cannot get anything for pain and suffering, Bob has to repair his car and pay out of his pocket for any other expenses he has. If only Bob had been better informed he would have purchased the right insurance and this situation would have been avoided.

This is example shows you why you need to be proactive and know what your insurance coverage is. Talk to your agent today so that your family is protected should you be in a Kentucky auto accident.

I am a Kentucky personal injury attorney.  I represent the victims of car accidents, truck accidents, fatal accidents, motorcycle accidents, bicycle accident and pedestrian accidents. When I speak with an accident victim I am concerned about the type of insurance coverage that the potential client has.  This insurance coverage often makes a huge difference on what I am able to do for a Kentucky accident victim on any particular case. This is especially true if the injuries are serious or fatal and the at-fault car did not have insurance coverage. 

One of the first questions I ask as I am getting to know a new client is “What type of car insurance coverage do you have?”  The answer that I get 90 percent of the time is, “I have full coverage.” I have learned that this means vastly different things to different people. So I ask the follow up question “What do you mean by full coverage?”  The answers I get vary. They are rarely the same. The potential client is almost never correct. Unfortunately, when someone becomes an auto accident victim it is the first time they really look at their own car insurance policy. 

I ask for a copy of the insurance policy declarations page to make sure I am getting accurate information.  The declarations page is a sheet or bill that you receive from your car insurance company that shows the different types of insurance coverage you have purchased , the limits, the amount that you pay for each coverage, and the cars or vehicles that are covered on your policy.

Now here’s the kicker.  Full coverage is a term that people hear all the time. I use it. I am sure you have used it. Guess what? There is no real definition for it.  You cannot ask your insurance agent for full coverage. This is not an all inclusive term. This makes it extremely important to know the different types of insurance that are available. This will enable you to purchase the best car insurance for you. In other words what full coverage is for you.  The different coverages available to you in Kentucky are:

• Bodily Injury Liability- Mandatory insurance that covers the injuries you cause to other people if you are in an automobile accident that is your fault.
• Property Damage Liability- Optional coverage that pays for damage done that is your fault to other vehicles or property.
• Collision- Covers property damage done to your own automobile by an actual collision and nothing more.
• PIP, Personal Injury Protection, or Basic Reparations Benefits- Mandatory coverage that is also known as No?Fault insurance. This insurance pays for your medical bills and lost wages up to $10,000.00 should you be in a car accident regardless of fault. 
• Added Reparations Benefits- Optional benefits that you can purchase in addition to your PIP for medical coverage and lost wages above $10,000.00. 
• Uninsured Motorist Coverage- Pays you for your pain and suffering and your out of-pocket expenses if you’re in an automobile accident and injured by a driver of a car that does not have insurance.
• Underinsured Motorist Coverage- Covers you for injuries you have sustained in an automobile accident that was not your fault when those injuries are greater than the insurance coverage of the car that hit you. 
• Miscellaneous coverage such as towing      
• Comprehensive- Covers damage to your car caused by something other than a collision, such as crack in your windshield.
• Umbrella Policy- Additional insurance you can purchase in case you have liability that is in excess of the limits of your other insurance. You may also purchase coverage for additional under insured motorist coverage under some umbrella policies.          

You can tell by this list that the only mandatory insurance coverage required by the State of Kentucky is bodily injury liability coverage, property damage liability coverage, and no?fault or PIP benefits.  The minimum amount of coverage is $25,000.00 50 for liability coverage.  As you can tell, this will not even be a drop in the bucket should there be a serious accident.  The minimum for PIP is $10,000.00.

For more information on Kentucky car insurance request a free copy of my first book “What You Don’t Know About Buying Car Insurance Can Hurt You.”

Make yourself an informed consumer when you buy car insurance and make sure you protect your family in case you are the victim of a Kentucky automobile accident.

Everyone knows the dangers of distracted driving. We know we shouldn’t use a cell phone while we drive, especially texting while driving.  What affect would this have on an auto accident claim in Kentucky? 

The initial investigation into a distracted driving case involving texting or talking on a cell phone at the time of a car accident is very similar to the investigation of any automobile accident case.  A personal injury attorney will obtain a copy of the police report; get photographs of the accident scene and the vehicles. Witnesses will be interviewed. Insurance policies will be reviewed.

Other lines of investigation will include the at-fault driver’s cell phone provider at the time of the Kentucky car accident.  All cell phone records will need to be subpoenaed and reviewed. Those would include all personal numbers and employer numbers. You need to review  all cell phone records.  Cell phone records are important because they can show the time and length of a call on a particular date. If you can pinpoint the exact time of the accident you can show whether or not a defendant was on a cell phone at the time.

A defendant will have to explain the cell phone use during his deposition. Questions I would ask during a deposition would include:

• Were you on the cell phone at, near or during the collision? 
• Were you dialing your phone at, near or during the collision?
• Were you picking up your phone at, near or during the collision?
• Were you touching your phone at, near or during the collision?
• Were you looking up a phone number at, near or during the collision?
• Did you have your phone in your hand for any reason at, near or during the collision?
• Were you texting on your phone at, near or during the collision?
• Have you ever used a cell phone while driving?
• Have you ever had an accident with a cell phone? 

Unfortunately this type of litigation is going to become more and more common.  I don’t believe the new Kentucky cell phone law is going to curb the use of cell phones for either talking or texting.  As the verdicts and penalties increase then the behavior will change.  It will take time.

If a personal injury attorney discovers information that indicated a cell phone was being used by the at-fault driver theories of negligent causation and failure to abide by a statute will be considered.  Reckless driving or gross negligence are other theories that may be pursued. The law is developing, but these fact situations may justify punitive damages if the activity was grossly negligent or recklessness.  It will be interesting read Kentucky Court opinions as the law develops. Only time will tell whether any of these theories of negligent will be applied to cell phone use.

What can a Kentucky auto accident victim do to increase their chances of a successful outcome to their Kentucky car accident injury case? Why is it that some Kentucky car wreck cases are settled for more money than others? Why are some car accident victims seen as more credible than others? Does the insurance company just like Louisville car accident victims more than those from Lexington?

One of the biggest reasons why I see Kentucky car accident cases fail is lack of documentation.  The most important thing a Kentucky accident victim can do is document everything that happens in their accident case. From the moment you are in an automobile accident you should take pictures and make notes of everything that happened. The same thing applies to truck accidents and bicycle accidents.

If you’re in a car accident, you should take pictures of the vehicles as they are on the roadway at the time the accident occurs.  This could be important in determining liability or who caused the accident. 

You should also take pictures of the damage to your car and the damage to the car that hit you.  Many times there is very little damage to your car, yet the car that hit you has thousands of dollars worth of damage.  This is important evidence that your personal injury attorney can use in negotiating a settlement with the insurance company or arguing your accident case to a jury.

It is also important to keep a diary. You should write down everything that happens in the case so that you can remember it later when you need to.  Should you have to give a deposition or testify at trial it might be three or four years after the automobile accident. You may forget many of the details of the accident, your treatment and how you were affected.  You must have a way to refresh your memory as to how the accident painfully affected your life. It is also a great help to your personal injury attorney.

If you think back to even last Christmas and try to remember everything that happened, you’re not going to give an exact play-by-play of every gift that everyone received that day. This is the same thing that will happen as time passes after your auto-accident.  You will not remember everything. 

The point to all this is you need to document! This will increase the chances of you getting a good and fair recovery in your Kentucky auto accident case. Give yourself a fighting chance against the insurance company by documenting everything that happens in your Kentucky car accident case.

The insurance adjuster wants to take a recorded statement from you, the victim of a Kentucky car accident. You have been injured through no fault of your own. You are hurting. All you want is to go to the doctor, have your medical bills paid and to get your car fixed. Now the insurance company wants to take your statement and grill you like a suspect in a television crime show. You didn’t do anything wrong.

 Kentucky automobile accident victims come into my office and tell me that they have been called by the insurance adjuster. Most accident victims give a statement because they feel that they have to.  This is not the case.  You do not have to talk to the insurance adjuster from the at-fault insurance company if you don’t want to. In most circumstances it is advisable not to speak with them until you have spoken to an experienced personal injury attorney. You have the right to refuse.

Insurance adjusters take statements on an almost daily basis. They have an agenda or purpose behind what they are doing.  They are not trying to find out exactly what happened in the case, although that is part of the purpose. They are also trying to get information from you they can later use to defeat your car accident claim. The insurance company is trying to limit the amount that they are going to have to pay you for your injury claim. 

Eventually in most situations you will give a statement to the insurance company. You should do it only after you have been prepared by your attorney. This will help to put you on a level playing field with the insurance adjuster. Once you know what your rights are and what the insurance company’s agenda is for this statement you will be better equipped to protect your rights. You will be able to give a statement that will be beneficial to your Kentucky accident claim.

Wait to give your statement. There is no rush. Make sure that you’re not on pain medications Make sure that you’re not still recovering from injuries. You should not be in extreme pain when you give a statement.  You don’t want to give a statement right after an accident when your adrenaline is still high and you don’t know exactly what your injuries are.  Wait; time is not of the essence as the insurance adjuster makes you feel. Give yourself a chance to recover and be educated so that you know what the statement is really about. By doing this it is less likely that you will say anything that will damage your accident case.

In Kentucky if you are a pedestrian or a bicyclist that has been hit by a car or a truck you may be wondering whether or not your medical treatment will be paid for and by whom.  This is a good questions for bicycle accident victims, as well as pedestrian accident victims. As a personal injury attorney, I can tell you that in almost every circumstance your treatment for injuries sustained in a motor vehicle accident will be paid for by an insurance company.  The question is what insurance company? Is it your health insurance? Is it your car insurance? Is it the car insurance for the car that hit you?

The first place that we look is to the car that hit you, the car that caused the bicycle accident or the pedestrian accident. If the car had auto insurance their PIP benefits will pay for your first $10,000.00 of medical treatment, no questions asked, as long as the treatment is related to the accident. 

If for some reason the car that caused the accident did not have insurance we then turn to your own personal car insurance company if you owned a car.  You might think this is the last place that you should look. After all you weren’t in your car at the time of this accident. Under almost all car insurance policies your car insurance is required to pay your medical treatment from injuries sustained in an accident between a car and you if you were a pedestrian or riding a bicycle. No matter how the accident occurred your car insurance will pay as long as it was a motor vehicle accident of some sort. 

Now if the other car did not have insurance and you do not own a car you will be eligible for benefits under what is called the Kentucky Assigned Claims Plan.  This is a state run program that requires insurance companies to, on rotation, pay for medical treatment for people that did not have insurance or no insurance available to them in a particular accident.

After the PIP benefits are exhausted you will then look to your personal health insurance, Medicare or Kentucky Passport. This insurance is secondary and is not used until the $10,000.00 in No-Fault Benefits are exhausted. Your health insurance will pay under the terms of your policy for any medical bills over the $10,000.00. Your health insurance company, Medicare or Passport may be entitled to repayment under federal law called ERISA or the terms of the policy from your personal injury recovery. You should check with an attorney to determine if subrogation is required.

After the PIP benefits are exhausted you will then look to your personal health insurance, Medicare or Kentucky Passport. This insurance is secondary and is not used until the $10,000.00 in No-Fault Benefits are exhausted. Your health insurance will pay under the terms of your policy for any medical bills over the $10,000.00. Your health insurance company, Medicare or Passport may be entitled to repayment under federal law called ERISA or the terms of the policy from your personal injury recovery. You should check with an attorney to determine if subrogation is required.

The bottom line is if you’ve been in a pedestrian accident or a bicycle accident where you’ve been hit by a car you are entitled to have your medical bills paid.  So don’t hold off on getting the treatment you need to recover from your injuries.  Get the doctor and find out what’s wrong with you and get better. This will enable you to achieve the best result possible in your bicycle accident or pedestrian accident case. 

When a client comes into my office on an initial consultation, one of the questions that are almost always asked is “How much is my accident case worth?”  As a personal injury attorney I dislike talking about money at this point in time. It is too early. I have to look my potential client in the eye and say “I have no idea.”

         At this point in time there is no way to know.  At the beginning of the case there are too many questions that are left to be answered. To give an accurate assessment of what that value of a personal injury case is you must:

·        Have insurance information

·        Assess the strength of liability

·        Review and analyze all medical records

·        Know what the injuries are

·        How the accident has affected the client

·        The permanency of any injury 

Once you have finished treating and we know what the extent of your injuries are and whether or not you are going to recover or have permanent injuries that is the time to assess the value of your accident case.  You almost never can assess the value of it at the beginning of the case.  You need to wait to the end to find out what the real long-term consequences of the accident are on your life.

At that point in time a personal injury attorney will use their experience to put a value on your pain and suffering, medical bills and loss of power to labor and earn money. A valuable tool that is used is trial experience. I also use The Kentucky Trial Court Review which is put out every year by Shannon Ragland. Since 1990 Shannon has been summarizing every civil jury trial that has been tried in Kentucky. These summaries of verdicts are an invaluable tool that I use to help asses the true value of a case, which is an accident victim’s pain and suffering. By comparing a case with similar fact situations I can get an idea as to what a jury has awarded under similar circumstances.

Insurance companies have tried to systematize placing a value on a car accident case by using programs such as COLOSSUS. This computer program is used by part of the insurance industry in an effort to minimize settlement values in personal injury cases. These computer programs are used to make settlement offers uniform and to ultimately increase the insurance companies profits. The insurance adjuster simply enters the data into the program. The program then gives the adjuster a range that a case can be settled in. This is one of the many reasons your attorney needs your entire medical history and all of the facts about your automobile accident case.  By making sure the adjuster receives all the appropriate information that is used in the computer program and outlining that data, your attorney can increase the odds that the settlement offer is as high as possible.

        Placing a value on a case is not a science. Many times it is a gut feeling that only experience can truly give you.

As a Kentucky accident attorney clients frequently ask me “how do you get paid?” How much money do I need to have to hire a personal injury attorney? Do I have to give you money up front to take my case?  The answer is NO. 

Almost all auto accident attorneys or personal injury attorneys take cases on what is called a contingency fee basis.  A contingency fee means is you do not pay anything up front and you do not pay your attorney on an hourly basis. A personal injury attorney is paid a percentage of what they recover or settle your accident case for at the end of the case.  In most cases the contingency fee is 33and1/3% or 1/3 of the recovery. Sometimes the fee may be 40%. Generally, if there is no recovery, you do not owe the attorney a fee.  This is good for you, the accident victim.

You do not have to pay anything up front at the time you hire an attorney. While you are treating with doctors and while you are off work you don’t have the extra money to hire an attorney.  The attorney will get paid at the end of the case.  A personal injury attorney will charge you nothing unless he wins your Kentucky accident case. The bottom line is you don’t have to worry about coming up with any money to hire an attorney in an auto accident case.  A contingency fee is almost always offered. That is the way the accident attorney will be paid and you will be able to get good representation.

We all know that seat belts save lives. Wearing seat belts prevent serious auto accidents. I have hammered this home to my daughters since they were old enough to understand. I wouldn’t turn the car around in the drive way without making them buckle up. Maybe I was a bit over the top, but as a personal injury attorney and a former prosecutor I have seen fatal auto accidents and serious injuries that could have been prevented had these accident victims been wearing their seat belts.

I remember the first time I really came to understand this as if it was yesterday. I was working as an Assistant Commonwealth’s Attorney in Jefferson County. I was a member of the Fatal Accident Support Team. I was called out to the scene of fatal accidents in the middle of the night. I drug myself out of bed to an accident scene that involved drunk driving. This was in the late 80’s not long after the horrific Carrolton, Kentucky Bus Accident.

I arrived at the accident scene in the south end of Louisville. When I arrived I was advised as to what had happened. I was asked to review a search warrant to obtain a blood sample to be use to prove the intoxication level of the drunk driver. After I had done my job the investigating officer took me over to the car of the accident victim. He said the driver, an elderly man, was not wearing a seat belt. I am sure I was being tested since I was only three years out of law school. At that time the police officer took my right hand and placed it on the chest of the deceased. It felt like jello. Every bone had been crushed. I realized at that moment that seat belts save lives. My perspective of seat belts had been changed forever.

Why do so many Kentuckians refuse to wear seat belts if they save lives? We have all seen the “Click It or Ticket” campaign. Over 23,000 people are cited for not wearing a seat belt annually on Kentucky roadways. We know that it is against the law and it prevents injuries and deaths.

I saw a video on CNN that might change your opinion of seat belt usage. It is an original approach to road safety advertising from the Sussex Safer Roads Partnership. The title of the piece is “Embrace Life. Always Wear A Seat Belt.” Check it out. It is powerful! It drives home the point that not wearing a seat belt will affect you and your family. Take care of you and your loved ones. Wear a seat belt and prevent car accidents that can change your life. Drive safe Kentucky.